Xinhua 08 network Lanzhou, June 26 (reporter Wang Heng) China's total grain production has achieved eight consecutive increases, grain production capacity is basically stable at more than 1 trillion catties, to achieve the basic balance of food supply and demand。This achievement is closely related to the rapid development of dry agriculture in our country for many years。The head of the agricultural department and experts believe that dry agriculture has become a new growth point of China's food, and the future development space is large, and it is necessary to further increase the investment of technology, capital and other efforts to solve the increasingly serious agricultural film pollution, so that dry agriculture plays a greater role in ensuring China's food security。

　　A technical system of dry farming with sub-region and sub-crop has been formed in China

　　Recently held in Gansu Province, the national dry agriculture work forum, Vice Minister of Agriculture Zhang Taolin pointed out that in recent years, China has promoted the integration of full film covering, water seeding, film drip irrigation, mechanical subsoiling and other dry farming technology, has initially formed a regional, crop dry farming technology system。According to statistics, more than 500 dry farming demonstration zones have been built nationwide, with a demonstration area of more than 10 million mu.In 2011, more than 400 million mu of dry farming technology was popularized and applied, mainly by mulch mulching and drip irrigation。

　　There are various types of dry farming areas in our country, so it is necessary to develop dry farming technology suitable for different natural conditions。Different kinds of dry farming techniques have ensured the growth of grain production year after year, and the impact of drought on agricultural production has been reduced, and some dry areas have become main grain producing areas。

　　Among a series of dry farming technologies, the full-film double-ridge sowing technology explored in Gansu Province is a representative one。Wu Wenbin, director of the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Gansu Province, introduced that Gansu Province has explored and formed the "Gansu model" of dry farming, which is summarized as "building terraces, spreading plastic film and adjusting structure".。In 2003, Gansu Province successfully summarized the whole film double ridge sowing technology, which has obvious effect of drought resistance and yield increase, integrating "mulching and evaporation suppression, mulching film rain harvesting, ridge planting, temperature and moisture preservation"。In 2011, the total grain production of the province reached 202.800 million pounds, only the promotion of full film double ridge sowing technology contributed 114 million.2亿斤。According to statistics, in the past six years, Gansu Province has promoted 31.6 million mu of dry farming agricultural technology based on full-film double-ridge sowing technology, and increased grain production by more than 6.4 billion jin。

　　Hebei Province is also a typical representative of dry farming area。Hebei is seriously short of water resources, with a total annual water resources of 20.5 billion cubic meters and available use of 16.8 billion cubic meters. The average water resources per capita and per mu are 311 and 208 cubic meters, respectively, only one-seventh and one-ninth of the national average。Through continuous exploration and practice，Hebei Province has stepped out of a suitable dry farming water saving technology route，For example, in dry farming areas, water storage and moisture conservation technology based on mulch coverage is vigorously promoted, moisture measurement irrigation is implemented in irrigation areas with better water pouring conditions, and drip irrigation, water-fertilizer integration technology is implemented in cash crop planting areas，In the whole province, a water-saving pattern of farmland with the integration of storage, protection, collection, saving and use has been basically formed。

　　In addition, Yunnan Province has vigorously implemented scientific and technological grain increase measures such as high-yield creation based on mulch mulching, interplanting, deep tillage and ridge cultivation, and centralized raising of seedlings. In the case of severe drought in the province for three consecutive years, grain production has been increased for three consecutive years。In 2011, Shaanxi Province promoted 20.32 million mu of dry farming integrated agricultural technologies, such as mulching film, straw mulching, conservation tillage, rain harvesting and supplementary irrigation, and increased grain production by 7 million mu.2亿斤。

　　Dry farming has become a new grain growth point in China

　　With the increasing application of dry farming technology, the grain production in China's dry farming area has made great progress. Dry farming has become a revolutionary measure to fight drought, reduce disaster and gain harvest, and dry farming area has become a new growth point of grain production。

　　To some extent, the development of dry agriculture in our country was forced out。First of all, the traditional grain production increase model has encountered a bottleneck, and the space for relying on irrigation to increase grain production has been limited。And the vast dry farming areas in the past due to technical constraints, grain output is not large。

　　Mei Xurong, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the structural water shortage problem is prominent in the north of China with more soil and less water and less water in the south。The area north of the Qinling Mountains and Huai River accounts for 56% of the country's arable land, but only 20% of the country's water resources。According to the current level of land and water resources productivity, the goal of increasing grain production by 20 million jin by 2030 will be achieved.About 120 billion cubic meters of agricultural water need to be increased, and the current water shortage is 30 billion cubic meters。

In this case, developing dry agriculture is an important way to increase grain production in our country。According to statistics, as early as 2007, China's dry farming areas produced 45% of the country's food, which is one of the sources of stable food production in China。Since the 11th Five-Year Plan period，The Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance and so on to accelerate the development of dry agriculture as a strategic measure to catch，The Ministry of Agriculture organized the compilation of the National Dry Farming Water-saving Agriculture Demonstration Project Construction Plan，Issued the Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture on Promoting the Development of Water-Saving Agriculture，National Conference on Farmland water Conservation has been held for five consecutive years，The Ministry of Finance has organized water-saving demonstration projects for several years。

　　Secondly, China's dry agriculture still has a lot of improvement space。Mei Xurong introduced that nearly 1 billion mu of arable land in China is dry land without irrigation conditions, and the dry land area accounts for more than half of the cultivated land area。At present, although the water resource utilization rate and utilization efficiency in local areas and individual crops have reached or exceeded the world advanced level, the national average water utilization rate and utilization efficiency are lower than that of developed countries, and there is great room and potential for improvement。

　　According to the Ministry of Finance, China's irrigated areas need to invest 4-6 yuan for an average increase in grain production capacity of 1 catty。However, the popularization of dryland agricultural technology such as full-film double-ridge sowing in arid areas only needs 2 yuan for an average increase of 1 catty of grain production capacity, and the popularization of dryland agricultural technology has high comparative benefits。

　　According to reports, the development goal of China's dry agriculture is to strive to increase the natural precipitation production efficiency of dry agriculture area by more than 10% during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, and dry agriculture is the "stabilizer" of China's food security, the "big barrier" of ecological security and the "forefront" of poverty eradication.。

　　The development of dry farming needs to solve three major problems

　　The person in charge of the agriculture and animal husbandry department of many dryland agriculture provinces said that although China's dryland agriculture has achieved remarkable results, it is also facing a series of development problems, mainly concentrated in technology, capital and other aspects, and the pollution caused by the extensive application of agricultural film in dryland agriculture areas needs to be paid great attention to。

　　First, we need to increase research and development and promotion of dry farming technology。Zhang Taolin said that it must be realized that China's dry farming technology system is only a "preliminary" formation and needs to be further improved。Mei Xurong believes，According to China's dry agriculture science and technology progress and production practice，In the future, we should focus on the four basic links of water collection, water retention, water use and water saving，That is, collecting rain and increasing water, suppressing steam and preserving water, efficient water use and biological water saving，At the same time, scientific layout of dry farming technology application，According to the characteristics of different regions, we should focus on the popularization and application of dryland crop production technology。

　　Second, we will increase policy support and financial input。Most of China's dry farming areas are located in poor areas, drought is not only the main factor affecting food production, but also the main cause of local poverty。Some provinces have proposed，A long-term mechanism for the sustainable and stable development of dry farming agricultural food should be established，Key technologies and facilities that play an important role in grain production in dry farming，Such as soil reservoir cultivation, rain collection and water increase, cover and water retention, supplementary irrigation facilities and equipment，As far as possible as a long-term technical strategy to identify，Support from policy, capital, technology and other channels。

　　The third is to establish a perfect waste agricultural film recycling system。Due to the outstanding drought resistance effect, film mulching is the most widely used technology in the current dry farming technology, almost every dry farming area uses a large amount of agricultural film, the amount is growing, coupled with drought and less rain, the natural degradation cycle of agricultural film is long。However, China has not established a perfect recycling system of waste agricultural film, agricultural film pollution is a common problem faced by dry farming areas, some areas of agricultural film pollution has been very serious。Agriculture and animal husbandry, finance, environmental protection and other departments should strengthen cooperation, encourage farmers and enterprises to recycle waste agricultural film from the aspects of financial subsidies and tax incentives, increase monitoring and control of agricultural film pollution, and increase research and promotion of degradable agricultural film。